Primary tuberculosis of glans penis after intravesical Bacillus Calmette Guerin immunotherapy

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2011 Jan-Feb;77(1):47-50. doi: 10.4103/0378-6323.74979.

Abstract

A 55-year-old male with carcinoma in situ of urinary bladder was treated with weekly intravesical injections of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine. Three days after the sixth injection, he developed low grade fever and multiple grouped punched out, 2-3 mm ulcers around meatus and corona glandis. In addition, multiple, firm, indurated, nontender papules and few deeper nodules were present on the proximal part of glans penis, along with bilateral enlarged, matted and nontender inguinal lymph nodes. There was no history suggestive of sexually transmitted diseases and high risk behavior. Chest X-ray was within normal limits, and Mantoux, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and HIV antibody tests were negative. The biopsy from the penile ulcer revealed epithelioid cell granuloma with Langhans giant cells. Fine needle aspiration cytology from the lymph node also revealed epithelioid cell granuloma and acid fast bacilli on Ziehl Neelsen's stain. The tissue biopsy grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The BCG immunotherapy was stopped and patient was treated with four drug antitubercular therapy with isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide in standard daily doses along with pyridoxine. The edema resolved and the ulcers started healing within 2 weeks, and at 6 weeks after starting antitubercular therapy almost complete healing occurred. To the best of our knowledge, we describe the first case of an Indian patient with BCG induced primary tuberculosis of penis after immunotherapy for carcinoma urinary bladder and review the previously described cases to increase awareness of this condition in dermatologists and venereologists.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intravesical
  • Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use
  • BCG Vaccine / adverse effects*
  • BCG Vaccine / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma in Situ / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma in Situ / drug therapy
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy / adverse effects
  • Immunotherapy / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Penile Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Penile Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Penis*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tuberculosis / chemically induced*
  • Tuberculosis / drug therapy
  • Tuberculosis / physiopathology
  • Tuberculosis, Male Genital / chemically induced*
  • Tuberculosis, Male Genital / drug therapy
  • Tuberculosis, Male Genital / physiopathology
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / drug therapy

Substances

  • Antitubercular Agents
  • BCG Vaccine