Dataset for: Autoantibody profiles in patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurological immune-related adverse events

Leonie Müller-Jensen; Samuel Knauss; Lorena Ginesta Roque; Christian Schinke; Smilla K Maierhof; Frederik Bartels; Carsten Finke; Kristin Rentzsch; Claas Ulrich; Raphael Mohr; Werner Stenzel; Matthias Endres; Wolfgang Boehmerle; Petra Huehnchen

doi:10.1016/j.dib.2024.110062

Dataset for: Autoantibody profiles in patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurological immune-related adverse events

Data Brief. 2024 Jan 18:53:110062. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110062. eCollection 2024 Apr.

Authors

Leonie Müller-Jensen^{1

2}, Samuel Knauss^{1

2}, Lorena Ginesta Roque¹, Christian Schinke^{1

2}, Smilla K Maierhof^{1

3

4}, Frederik Bartels^{1

2}, Carsten Finke^{1

3

5}, Kristin Rentzsch⁶, Claas Ulrich^{7

8}, Raphael Mohr⁹, Werner Stenzel¹⁰, Matthias Endres^{1

3

11

12

13

14}, Wolfgang Boehmerle^{1

3

11}, Petra Huehnchen^{1

3

11}

Affiliations

¹ Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
² Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Academy, (Junior) Clinician Scientist Program, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
³ Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
⁴ Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin (ECN) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
⁵ Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Berlin, Germany.
⁶ Clinical Immunological Laboratory Prof. Dr. med. Winfried Stöcker, Groß Grönau, Germany.
⁷ Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
⁸ Collegium Medicum Berlin GmbH, Luisenstrasse 54/55, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
⁹ Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité Campus Virchow, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
¹⁰ Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Neuropathology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
¹¹ Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, 10117 Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
¹² Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
¹³ German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 10117 Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
¹⁴ DHZK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Abstract

The rise of cancer immunotherapy has been a milestone in clinical oncology. Above all, immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment (ICI) with monoclonal antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) has improved survival rates for an increasing number of malignancies. However, despite the clinical benefits, ICI-related autoimmunity has become a significant cause of non-relapse-related morbidity and mortality. Neurological immune-related adverse events (irAE-n) are particularly severe toxicities with a high risk for chronic illness, long-term steroid dependency, and early ICI treatment termination. While the clinical characteristics of irAE-n are well described, little is known about underlying immune mechanisms and potential biomarkers. Recently, high frequencies of neuronal autoantibodies in patients with irAE-n have been reported, however, their clinical relevance is unclear. Here, we present a dataset on neuronal autoantibody profiles in ICI-treated cancer patients with and without irAE-n, which was generated to investigate the potential role of neuronal autoantibodies in ICI-induced autoimmunity. Between September 2017 and January 2022 serum samples of 29 cancer patients with irAE-n post-ICI treatment) and 44 cancer control patients without high-grade immune-related adverse events (irAEs, n = 44 pre- and post-ICI treatment) were collected and tested for a large panel of brain-reactive and neuromuscular autoantibodies using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblot assays. Prevalence of autoantibodies was compared between the groups and correlated with clinical characteristics such as outcome and irAE-n manifestation. These data represent the first systematic comparison of neuronal autoantibody profiles between ICI-treated cancer patients with and without irAE-n, providing valuable information for both researchers and clinicians. In the future, this dataset may be valuable for meta-analyses on the prevalence of neuronal autoantibodies in cancer patients.

Keywords: Autoimmunity; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Immune-related adverse events; Myositis; Neuronal autoantibodies; Neurotoxicity; Paraneoplastic syndromes.